Pesticides

Insecticides (Urine, collected at Exams 3-4, analyzed at Exam 4)

ClassPesticide MetabolitesParent CompoundExam Measured
NeonicotinoidsImidaclopridImidacloprid3
5-Hydroxy ImidaclopridImidacloprid3
AcetamipridAcetamiprid3
N-Desmethyl-acetamipridAcetamiprid3
ClothianidinClothianidin, Thiamethoxam3
ThiaclopridThiacloprid3
Pyrethroids3-Phenoxybenzoic acidCyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Fenpropathrin Tralomethrin, Permethrin3, 4
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acidCyfluthrin, Flumethrin3, 4
trans-3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acidPermethrin, Cyfluthrin Cypermethrin3, 4
Organophosphates2-Isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidineDiazinon3, 4
para-NitrophenolParathion, Methyl parathion3, 4
3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinolChlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl3, 4
Malathion dicarboxylic acidMalathion3, 4
Organochlorinescis-nonachlorChlordane3
trans-nonachlorChlordane3
trans-chlordaneChlordane3
heptachlor epoxideHeptachlor pesticides3
p,p’-DDEDDT3

Herbicides (Urine, collected at Exams 3-4, analyzed at Exam 4)

ClassHerbicide metabolitesParent CompoundExam Measured
Organophosphorus herbicideGlyphosateGlyphosate3
Phenoxy acid herbicide2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (and its esters)3, 4

Fungicides (Urine, collected at Exams 3-4, analyzed at Exam 4)

ClassFungicide metabolitesParent CompoundExam Measured
Dithio-carbamateethylenethiourea, phenyl-2-thioureaEthylenethiourea3
QoIMethyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate sulfate and Methyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate glucuronideAzoxystrobin3
Azolepenconazole-OH and tebuconazole-OH, tebuconazole-COOHPenconazole, Tebuconazole3

DEET (Urine, Exam 3)

ClassDEET MetabolitesParent CompoundExam Measured
Insect Repellent3-(diethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acidDEET3
3-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acidDEET3

Physiological Marker of Pesticide Exposure (Whole Blood, Exams 1-4)

ClassEsterase MetabolitesParent CompoundExam Measured
EsteraseAcetylcholinesteraseOrganophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides1-4
Hemoglobin1-4