Course Overview and Goals
This case study focuses on an upper-division undergraduate psycholinguistics course (LIGN 170: Psycholinguistics) taught by Catherine Arnett in Summer 2023. This course is an elective course with only one prerequisite – LIGN 101: Introduction to the Study of Language. This course focused on production and comprehension in psycholinguistics. Starting with production, the course covered everything from the message through formulation to articulation. The comprehension portion of the course started with perception and discussed processing at various levels of representation, e.g. phonological, grammatical, and pragmatic. Throughout the course, the instructor included examples from a variety of languages, where possible, from both aural-oral and visual-manual modalities.
Another portion of the course was dedicated to developing critical reading and writing skills. The assignments allowed students to incrementally build up the QALMRI (Question, Alternative, Logic, Method, Results, Inferences) format. Students were given opportunities to try new parts of the assignment without being graded, but with the opportunity for formative feedback. The homework assignments and the final paper required students to read journal articles, extract the key information, and critically evaluate the article and propose a follow-up experiment.
The full list of readings, sources used for lectures, and lecture slides can be found on the public course page.
Course Content
Examples for the course were selected to include a variety of languages, both spoken and sign languages, wherever possible. Some examples of sources used for key topics in the class are given below.
Production
Planning the message/conceptualization
- The Effects of Semantic Role Predictability on the Production of Overt Pronouns in Spanish. Medina Fetterman, Ana M., Natasha N. Vazquez, and Jennifer E. Arnold. 2022. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 51:169–194.
- Experiment investigating usage of null/overt pronouns in Spanish
- Predictability affects production: Thematic roles can affect reference form selection. Rosa, Elise C., and Jennifer E. Arnold. 2017. Journal of Memory and Language 94:43-60.
- Experiment investigating usage of null/overt pronouns in Spanish
- Syntactic priming in American Sign Language. Hall, Matthew L., Victor S. Ferreira, and Rachel I. Mayberry. 2015. PloS ONE 10(3):e0119611.
- Experiment testing structural priming in ASL
- The acquisition of the Tagalog symmetrical voice system: Evidence from structural priming. Garcia, Rowena, and Evan Kidd. 2020. Language Learning and Development 16(4):399-425.
- Experiment, structural priming in Tagalog
- Finding your voice: Voice-specific effects in Tagalog reveal the limits of word order priming. Garcia, Rowena, Jens Roeser, and Evan Kidd. 2023. Cognition 236:105424.
- Experiment, structural priming in Tagalog
Lemma retrieval/evidence for lemmas
- “Tip of the fingers” experiences by deaf signers: Insights into the organization of a sign-based lexicon. Thompson, Robin, Karen Emmorey, and Tamar H. Gollan. 2005. Psychological Science 16(11):856-860.
- Experiment testing retrieval of phonological information during tip-of-the-fingers states in ASL signers
- Background for this:
- The phonological organization of sign languages. Sandler, Wendy. 2012. Language and Linguistics Compass 6(3):162-182.
- Overview of sign language phonology
- Sign languages: Structures and contexts, Chapter 2: Phonology. Hill, Joseph C., Diane C. Lillo-Martin, and Sandra K. Wood. 2019. New York: Routledge.
- Overview of sign language phonology
- The phonological organization of sign languages. Sandler, Wendy. 2012. Language and Linguistics Compass 6(3):162-182.
Production errors, phonological encoding
- The representation and processing of tone in Mandarin Chinese: Evidence from slips of the tongue. Chen, Jenn-Yeu. 1999. Applied Psycholinguistics 20(2): 289-301.
- Article investigating tone errors in production of Mandarin Chinese as compared to segment errors
Sociolinguistic considerations for production
- A Chinese yuppie in Beijing: Phonological variation and the construction of a new professional identity. Zhang, Qing. 2005. Language in Society 34(3):431-466.
- Sociolinguistic study of Beijing yuppies, comparing linguistic features of young business professionals and state-owned business employees, example of indexing social meaning and constructing identity
- Contact between Mexican Sign Language and American Sign Language in two Texas border areas. Quinto-Pozos, David Gilbert. 2002. Doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin.
- Study of code-switching with users of ASL and LSM (Mexican Sign Language)
- Bimodal bilingualism. Emmorey, Karen, Helsa B. Borinstein, Robin Thompson, and Tamar H. Gollan. 2008. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 11(1):43-61.
- Study of bimodal code-switching between ASL and English
Comprehension
Perception
- Neural plasticity revealed in perceptual training of a Japanese adult listener to learn American/lr/contrast: a whole-head magnetoencephalography study. Zhang, Yang, Patricia K. Kuhl, Toshiaki Imada, Paul Iverson, John Pruitt, Makoto Kotani, and Erica Stevens. 2000. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, vol. 3:953-956.
- Experiment testing L2 speakers of English (L1 Japanese speakers) distinction between /l/ and /r/
- Voice-timing perception in Spanish word-initial stops. Abramson, Arthur S., and Leigh Lisker. 1973. Journal of Phonetics 1(1): 1-8.
- Differences in perception of VOT between Spanish and English speakers
Grammatical knowledge/acceptability judgments
- Acceptability Judgement Tasks in New Englishes research: Focus on acrolectal Nigerian English. Ugwuanyi, Kingsley Oluchi. 2023. In Guyanne Wilson and Michael Westphal (eds.), New Englishes, New Methods: 158-177. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Acceptability Judgments for Nigerian English
- Using audio stimuli in acceptability judgment experiments. Sedarous, Yourdanis, and Savithry Namboodiripad. 2020. Language and Linguistics Compass 14(8):e12377.
- Article discussing issues with using written stimuli for Acceptability Judgments, Acceptability Judgment experiment using audio stimuli with Malayalam speakers
Sociolinguistic considerations during comprehension
- Perceiving isn’t believing: Divergence in levels of sociolinguistic awareness. McGowan, Kevin B., and Anna M. Babel. 2020. Language in Society 49(2):231-256.
- Experiment testing influence of social perceptions on speech perception of Quechua-accented Spanish
Assignments
Homeworks (x4)
Each homework consisted of reading a journal article and doing a QALMRI (in the student’s own words, what are the Question, Alternatives, Logic, Methods, Results, Inferences). Please contact us if you would like more information about any of the homework assignments.
- Homework 1:
- Complete a QALMRI (Questions, Alternatives, Logic, Methods, Results, Inferences) of a paper
- Students graded on QAL only, but received formative feedback (and graded for completion) on MRI sections.
- Homework 2:
- Reflect on feedback from previous assignment
- Complete a QALMRI of a paper
- Students graded for content on all QALMRI sections
- Homework 3:
- Reflect on feedback from previous assignment
- Complete a QALMRI of a paper
- Do a guided critique (using some of the readings/studies mentioned in lecture)
- Students graded for content on the entirety of the QALMRI, and received formative feedback on guided critique (graded for completion)
- Homework 4:
- Reflect on feedback from previous assignment
- Complete a QALMRI of a paper
- Critique the paper according to the content covered in class
- In 1-2 paragraphs, describe how you would re-run the experiment in the paper
- All portions (except feedback reflection) graded for content
Reading Checks (x9)
Reading checks were short, multiple choice quizzes due before each class, which helped guide students through the reading and check for comprehension of key points.
Summative Assessment (Final Paper)
The final paper was a 1-2 page critique of a paper with a proposed follow-up experiment that addressed the critiques.
- QALMRI the paper
- What is something you think the experimenters could have done differently? Why?
- What experiment would address this concern?
Please contact us if you would like more information about the final paper assignment.
Extra Credit
- Come to office hours before the end of Week 3 (1 pt)
- Complete study on SONA (1 pt)
Course Policies
Course policies were designed with inclusion in mind. Below are a number of course policies that were adopted.
- Provided asynchronous options
- Students who had to access the course remotely due to lack of housing in San Diego or sickness had access to make-up opportunities and extensions for all assignments
- If students missed a lecture, they could provide a lecture summary to make up the attendance grade
- Considered financial cost to students
- All readings were provided on Canvas, no textbooks were required for the course
- Invited students to discuss any barriers to access with the instructor
- In the first lecture, the instructor asked students to let them know if they had difficulty accessing the technology needed for the course and committed to help students find solutions
- For students with health-related concerns, the instructor made specific plans with individual students
- Included varied assignment types
- Students were evaluated based on written assignments and multiple-choice quizzes
- Made late work policies explicit
- Policies about deadlines and late work were posted on the syllabus and were announced during the first lecture
- Noted how and when students needed to request extensions
- According to the course policies announced on day 1, students were able to request extensions any time before the deadline via Canvas or email
- Considered allowing short extensions without justification or documentation
- Each student was allowed one 48-hour extension without any justification or documentation
- Clearly outlined how more significant extensions would be handled
- In the first class, the instructor announced that they would work with students to find individualized solutions to any situations that make students unable to meet deadlines or come to class
- Offered make up options
- Any assignment or attendance grade could be made up, given an extension request or documentation of circumstances
- Invited students to share their accessibility needs
- During the first class, the instructor requested students submit accommodations requests (AFA letters or informal accommodations) within the first two weeks of the class
- Emphasized that feedback goes both ways
- The instructor collected mid-quarter feedback requesting suggestions about any course policies or practices that could be reconsidered
- Provided multiple avenues for students to communicate
- In addition to monitoring Canvas messages and emails, the instructor created a course discourse that was monitored by the instructor and the TA
- Questions in class were taken through an anonymous mentimeter
- Anonymous mid-quarter feedback was collected through a Google Form
- Carefully considered whether potentially distressing content needed to be included
- The instructor aimed to avoid include any material that could be upsetting, including politically charged content
- Included a Land Acknowledgement
- The instructor included a land acknowledgment on the syllabus and in their email signature